Lockport is a city in Niagara County, New York, located about 20 miles east of Niagara Falls. With a population of approximately 20,500, the city is the county seat of Niagara County. Prostitution and sex trafficking have been documented in the city and surrounding areas. For example, in March 2008, a retired Lockport police captain pled guilty to transporting women over state lines on two occasions for the purpose of prostitution. He also admitted to paying the women for sex at a Wheatfield massage parlor. He faced up to 18 months in prison for violating the Mann Act. A former state judge and former state law clerk were also sentenced in the same case for accompanying him on these trips.

In April 2019, a Lockport man pled guilty to sex trafficking after an investigation found that he distributed hard drugs to five women, initially for free, but then demanded payment once they were hooked. He then sex trafficked them at camps housing migrant agricultural workers to pay off their debts. The man was sentenced to 15-20 years in prison after pleading guilty to a single count of sex trafficking to dismiss his other charges.

In July 2014, the Lockport Police Department conducted Operation IMPACT, a multi-pronged effort to combat prostitution and sex trafficking. To send the message to potential sex buyers that police were keeping an eye on the local prostitution market, detectives occasionally set up reverse stings. In some operations, they have been assisted by the Niagara Falls Police Department. During one operation in August 2006, a female officer acted as a decoy on a city corner, occasionally chatting with the drivers of cars. Two men were arrested after agreeing to pay the undercover officer for sex. One wanted sex for $10, and another wanted oral sex for $30. As soon as they followed her directions to the rendezvous point, they were arrested and charged with fourth-degree patronizing a prostitute, a Class A misdemeanor. If convicted, a sex buyer can be sentenced to a year in jail.